例数 (n) | 96 |
年龄 (岁) | 67 ± 12 |
男性 | 87 (91) |
白种人 | 89 (93) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.7 ± 5.8 |
颈围 (cm) | 43 ± 4 (n = 95) |
心率 (b.p.m.) | 72.4 ± 11.7 |
SBP (mmHg) | 120.3 ± 18.2 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.9 ± 11.3 |
RR (次/分钟) | 17.4 ± 2.8 |
LVEF (%) | 34.5 ± 12.1 (n = 91) |
LVEF ≤45% | 71/91 (78) |
NYHA class | |
I | 18 (19) |
II | 41 (43) |
III | 37 (39) |
IV | 0 (0) |
既往心房颤动史 | 50 (52) |
冠心病 | 69 (72) |
高血压 | 77 (80) |
糖尿病 | 35 (36) |
既往脑卒中 | 7 (7) |
肾功能受损 | 31 (32) |
佩戴心脏装置 | 60 (63) |
ICD | 33 (34) |
CRT-D | 20 (21) |
Non-CRT-P | 6 (6) |
CRT-P | 1 (1) |
药物 | |
ACE抑制剂或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂 | 79 (82) |
他汀类 | 67 (70) |
β受体阻滞剂 | 85 (89) |
抗血小板药 | 63 (66) |
盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂 | 46 (48) |
袢利尿剂 | 62 (65) |
噻嗪类利尿剂 | 22 (23) |
地高辛 | 23 (24) |
钙通道阻滞剂 | 16 (17) |
表2心力衰竭患者的睡眠指标改变 | ||||||
基线观测 | 6个月膈神经起搏治疗 | 12个月膈神经起搏治疗 | ||||
观测 | 与基线对比 | 观测 | 与基线对比 | |||
AHI减少≥50% 患者比例 | 53 (41/77) (42%, 64%) | 57 (40/70) (45%, 68%) | ||||
CAI (次/小时)* | 26.2 ± 17.7 (93) 22.1 [13.4–37.2] | 4.1 ± 6.0 (77) 1.4 [0.2–5.4] | –21.8 ± 18.1 (77) –20.0 [–35.0 to –8.3] P < 0.001 |
3.5 ± 6.5 (70) 0.9 [0.0–3.5] | –23.2 ± 16.9 (70) –19.9 [–34.6 to –11.8] P < 0.001 |
|
AHI (次/小时)* | 47.1 ± 18.5 (93) 45.8 [32.0–58.3] | 25.2 ± 18.9 (77) 20.9 [10.0–34.5] | –21.2 ± 18.2 (77) –20.7 [–37.8 to –7.5] P < 0.001 |
24.9 ± 18.6 (70) 19.5 [10.7–34.4] | –22.6 ± 18.1 (70) –22.0 [–35.6 to –5.9] P < 0.001 |
|
觉醒指数 (次/小时)* | 43.0 ± 18.7 (93) 40.6 [30.0–57.3] | 25.2 ± 14.2 (77) 21.0 [16.7–31.2] | –16.8 ± 19.1 (77) –14.3 [–27.7 to –3.6] P < 0.001 |
24.5 ± 13.8 (70) 19.4 [15.0–32.8] | –18.4 ± 20.9 (70) –16.2 [–35.1 to –4.7] P < 0.001 |
|
REM睡眠百分比* | 10.4 ± 7.2 (93) 9.6 [5.1–15.8] | 13.8 ± 8.2 (77) 13.4 [8.5–17.7] | 2.9 ± 8.2 (77) 1.1 [–3.3 to 7.7] P = 0.003 |
14.6 ± 8.8 (70) 13.9 [7.2–20.9] | 3.6 ± 9.0 (70) 2.7 [–2.6 to 8.0] P = 0.001 |
|
ODI4 (次/小时)* | 43.2 ± 20.2 (93) 41.0 [29.5–54.6] | 24.2 ± 19.8 (77) 20.1 [8.2–33.4] | –18.3 ± 16.9 (77) –17.1 [–30.4 to –5.3] P < 0.001 |
24.2 ± 19.4 (70) 18.9 [8.8–32.4] | –19.9 ± 19.9 (70) –20.4 [–32.3 to –4.7] P < 0.001 |
|
睡眠血氧饱和度 < 90%百分比* | 15.7 ± 16.6 (92) 9.8 [3.4–23.9] | 10.7 ± 15.1 (77) 4.8 [1.1–16.0] | –3.9 ± 13.7 (76) –4.1 [–9.1 to 1.5] P = 0.014 |
9.4 ± 13.2 (70) 4.4 [0.9–14.4] | –6.6 ± 15.8 (69) –4.1 [–9.8 to 0.1] P < 0.001 |
表3心力衰竭患者生活质量的改变 | ||||||||
基线观测 | 6个月膈神经起搏治疗 | 12个月膈神经起搏治疗 | ||||||
观测 | 与基线对比 | 观测 | 与基线对比 | |||||
PGA中度或显著改善 | N/A | N/A | 58 (47/81) | N/A | 55 (41/75) | |||
Epworth嗜睡量表* | 8.9 ± 5.1 (93) 8.0 [5.0–13.0] |
6.2 ± 4.1 (81) 6.0 [3.0–9.0] |
–2.8 ± 4.5 (81) –2.0 [–6.0 to 0.0] P < 0.001 |
6.1 ± 3.7 (75) 5.0 [3.0–9.0] |
–3.1 ± 4.7 (75) –2.0 [–5.0 to 0.0] P < 0.001 |
|||
明尼苏达州心力衰竭患者生活质量问卷* | 39.2 ± 22.8 (91) 40.0 [21.0–55.0] |
35.3 ± 24.3 (81) 32.0 [16.0–52.0] |
–2.6 ± 19.2 (79) –1.0 [–12.0 to 7.0] P = 0.227 |
31.0 ± 22.8 (75) 27.0 [13.0–46.0] |
–6.8 ± 20.0 (73) –4.0 [–18.0 to 8.0] P = 0.005 |
表4心力衰竭患者超声心动图参数的改变 | ||||||
基线观测 | 6个月膈神经起搏治疗 | 12个月膈神经起搏治疗 | ||||
观测 | 与基线对比 | 观测 | 与基线对比 | |||
左室射血分数 (%)* | 31.6 ± 8.5 (50) 31.0 [26.0–38.0] | 31.2 ± 9.9 (43) 30.0 [23.0–40.0] | 0.0 ± 5.9 (43) 1.0 [–4.0 to 4.0] P = 0.834 |
34.8 ± 12.4 (41) 32.0 [24.0–44.0] | 3.3 ± 7.6 (41) 4.0 [–1.0 to 8.0] P = 0.004 |
|
左室收缩期末容积(mL)* | 119.7 ± 63.6 (50) 109.0 [70.0–150.0] | 123.4 ± 69.4 (43) 122.0 [65.0–157.0] | 3.9 ± 32.3 (43) –5.0 [–14.0 to 17.0] P = 0.943 |
111.3 ± 68.4 (41) 100.0 [60.0–140.0] | –6.0 ± 27.5 (41) –6.0 [–21.0 to 5.0] P = 0.078 |
|
左室舒张末期容积(mL)* | 169.3 ± 71.7 (50) 161.5 [110.0–219.0] | 172.5 ± 81.0 (43) 169.0 [105.0–212.0] | 4.6 ± 38.5 (43) –3.0 [−19.0 to 20.0] P = 0.966 |
161.4 ± 75.9 (41) 146.0 [103.0–200.0] | –4.3 ± 31.1 (41) –7.0 [–27.0 to 9.0] P = 0.288 |